Researchers have developed a novel formulation combining recombinant humanised collagens – types III, XVII, and XXI – with nicotinamide, showing promising effects on hair follicle regeneration in preclinical testing, according to a new study in Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 

The team designed the therapy to target the extracellular matrix (ECM) niche surrounding hair follicles, which plays a critical role in supporting follicle stem cells and regulating hair cycling. In laboratory models, the complex stimulated the expression of key hair growth biomarkers, including those associated with stem cell activation and differentiation. It also increased the presence of basement membrane proteins important for anchoring and maintaining follicle structure.  

When compared to 5% minoxidil, the current gold-standard topical treatment for androgenetic alopecia, the collagen–nicotinamide combination produced comparable improvements in regrowth. The researchers attribute the effect to synergistic actions: recombinant collagens help restore and stabilise the follicular ECM, while nicotinamide supports cellular metabolism and reduces oxidative stress, creating a favourable environment for regeneration.  

The study’s authors suggest that this ECM-targeted approach could represent a new therapeutic avenue for hair loss disorders, particularly those linked to follicle microenvironment deterioration. However, they stress that human clinical trials will be essential to confirm safety, determine optimal dosing, and evaluate long-term outcomes.