Researchers in China have developed an electronic skin patch that aims to revolutionise the treatment of chronic wounds. 

Published in Advanced Functional Materials in February 2025, Multimodal Antibacterial E‐Skin Patch Driven by Oxidative Stress for Real‐Time Wound‐Status Monitoring and Integrated Treatment of Chronic Wounds, details the outcome of studies on the e-skin patch known as TENG-gel. 

The patch is constructed using a combination of polydimethylsiloxane/polytetrafluoroethylene (PDMS/PTFE) film, eutectic gallium–indium (E-GaIn), and a composite hydrogel made from quaternary chitosan, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanosheets. 

According to the researchers, this layered assembly enables the patch to harness the body’s oxidative stress to power itself, eliminating the need for external energy sources. 

One of the standout features of the TENG-gel is its multimodal antibacterial capability. It integrates peroxidase-like activity, photothermal therapy, and a nano-knife effect, achieving a bacterial elimination rate exceeding 95% against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This approach aims to prevent infections in chronic wounds, promoting a more conducive environment for healing. 

The TENG-gel’s ability to generate electrical stimulation also facilitates the migration of fibroblasts by activating specific signalling pathways.

Additionally, it accelerates vascularisation by promoting the secretion of growth factors such as CD31, VEGF, and TGF-β. These actions were found to collectively enhance tissue regeneration, leading to a 1.6-fold increase in new hair follicle formation and a 2.4-fold increase in collagen deposition compared to control groups. 

The patch also boasts dual temperature and strain-sensing capabilities, allowing for real-time monitoring of the wound environment and providing alerts to potential external threats. The researchers note that this feature ensures clinicians can provide timely interventions and tailored treatment strategies, aligning with the principles of personalised medicine.