Published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, the review describes how lactoferrin helps regulate iron homeostasis, reducing free iron-induced oxidative stress while maintaining the iron needed for normal cellular function. The authors also summarise evidence suggesting the naturally occurring glycoprotein can promote cell proliferation, support wound healing and stimulate extracellular matrix production. 

The review examines the potential applications of lactoferrin in dermatology, including acne, wound healing and skin barrier function. However, the authors note that despite encouraging mechanistic and preclinical evidence, there are currently no well-controlled human clinical trials evaluating lactoferrin for hair regeneration. 

Describing lactoferrin as a potential “microenvironment stabiliser”, the authors conclude that it may represent a promising target for future regenerative strategies, while emphasising the need for robust clinical studies to confirm its therapeutic value.